Browse result page of PRRDB 2.0

PRRID	Name of Ligand	Source of ligand	Sequence of Ligand	Length of Ligand	Type of Ligand	Occurence	Role of Ligand	Name of Receptor	Type of Reeptor	Source of the Receptor	Localization	Domain	Sequence of Receptor	Swiss prot ID	Length of receptor	Function of Receptor	Assay used	PMID	Year of publication	Pubchem assay
PRRID_0791	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	Activates NF-KB and MAPK which lead to the production of cytokines as TNF and other proinflammatory proteins	Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	NA	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	Q9NR97.fasta	Q9NR97	1041	It coauses the inflammation	NA	20740341	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0791	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	Activates NF-KB and MAPK which lead to the production of cytokines as TNF and other proinflammatory proteins	Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	NA	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	Q9NR97.fasta	Q9NR97	1041	It coauses the inflammation	NA	20740341	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0792	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	release of proinflammatory cytokines and Pathgen Clearance	Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Mice	NA	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	P58681.fasta	P58681	1050	It has the role in the inflammation.	NA	20739362	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0792	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	release of proinflammatory cytokines and Pathgen Clearance	Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Mice	NA	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	P58681.fasta	P58681	1050	It has the role in the inflammation.	NA	20739362	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0793	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	lipid mediators of inflammation	Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human(Ovarian Cancer Patient)	NA	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	Q9NR97.fasta	Q9NR97	1041	It leads to the inflammatory response from the immune system leads to the clearance of pathogens	NA	20728343	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0793	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	lipid mediators of inflammation	Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human(Ovarian Cancer Patient)	NA	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	Q9NR97.fasta	Q9NR97	1041	It leads to the inflammatory response from the immune system leads to the clearance of pathogens	NA	20728343	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0794	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	HIV-1 (virus)	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	It suppresses virus replication	Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	plasmacytoid DCs	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	Q9NYK1.fasta	Q9NYK1	1049	It leads to the clearance of the pathogen from the system	NA	20719993	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0794	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	HIV-1 (virus)	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	It suppresses virus replication	Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	plasmacytoid DCs	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	Q9NYK1.fasta	Q9NYK1	1049	It leads to the clearance of the pathogen from the system	NA	20719993	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0795	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	HIV-1 (virus)	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	It suppresses virus replication	Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	plasmacytoid DCs	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	Q9NR97.fasta	Q9NR97	1041	It leads to the clearance of the pathogen from the system	NA	20719993	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0795	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	HIV-1 (virus)	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	It suppresses virus replication	Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	plasmacytoid DCs	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	Q9NR97.fasta	Q9NR97	1041	It leads to the clearance of the pathogen from the system	NA	20719993	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0796	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	It produce pro-inflammatory cytokines including IFNŒ±, TNFŒ± and/or IL-12	Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	DCs, monocytes, macrophages, lymphocytes, Langerhans cells, and NK cells	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	Q9NYK1.fasta	Q9NYK1	1049	Itresults into the inflammatory response	NA	20713100	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0796	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	It produce pro-inflammatory cytokines including IFNŒ±, TNFŒ± and/or IL-12	Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	DCs, monocytes, macrophages, lymphocytes, Langerhans cells, and NK cells	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	Q9NYK1.fasta	Q9NYK1	1049	Itresults into the inflammatory response	NA	20713100	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0797	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	It produce pro-inflammatory cytokines including IFNŒ±, TNFŒ± and/or IL-12	Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	DCs, monocytes, macrophages, lymphocytes, Langerhans cells, and NK cells	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	Q9NR97.fasta	Q9NR97	1041	Itresults into the inflammatory response	NA	20713100	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0797	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	It produce pro-inflammatory cytokines including IFNŒ±, TNFŒ± and/or IL-12	Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	DCs, monocytes, macrophages, lymphocytes, Langerhans cells, and NK cells	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	Q9NR97.fasta	Q9NR97	1041	Itresults into the inflammatory response	NA	20713100	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0798	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	West Nile Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	Upon recogniton by the TLR, it induces induces the recruitment of adaptor proteins TRIF	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	Endosomes	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	O15455.fasta	O15455	904	it lead to the secretion of IFN-Œ≤	NA	20620129	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0798	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	West Nile Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	Upon recogniton by the TLR, it induces induces the recruitment of adaptor proteins TRIF	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	Endosomes	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	O15455.fasta	O15455	904	it lead to the secretion of IFN-Œ≤	NA	20620129	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0799	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	VSV, Influenza virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	Upon recogniton by the TLR, it induces induces the recruitment of adaptor proteins MyD89	Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	Endosomes	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	Q9NYK1.fasta	Q9NYK1	1049	It leadsto the secretion of the proinfalmmatory and IFN-‚ç∫	NA	20620129	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0799	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	VSV, Influenza virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	Upon recogniton by the TLR, it induces induces the recruitment of adaptor proteins MyD89	Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	Endosomes	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	Q9NYK1.fasta	Q9NYK1	1049	It leadsto the secretion of the proinfalmmatory and IFN-‚ç∫	NA	20620129	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0800	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	RNA virus (Virus)	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	Upon recogniton by the TLR, it induces induces the recruitment of adaptor proteins MyD90	Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	Endosomes	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	Q9NR97.fasta	Q9NR97	1041	It leadsto the secretion of the proinfalmmatory and IFN-‚ç∫	NA	20620129	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0800	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	RNA virus (Virus)	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	Upon recogniton by the TLR, it induces induces the recruitment of adaptor proteins MyD90	Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	Endosomes	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	Q9NR97.fasta	Q9NR97	1041	It leadsto the secretion of the proinfalmmatory and IFN-‚ç∫	NA	20620129	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0801	siSC2 dsRNA Click for more detail	NA	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	Induce type 1 IFN production	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)/Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	PBMCs	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	NA	NA	NA	Immunostimulation	NA	20692289	2010	NA
PRRID_0801	siSC2 dsRNA Click for more detail	NA	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	Induce type 1 IFN production	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)/Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	PBMCs	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	NA	NA	NA	Immunostimulation	NA	20692289	2010	NA
PRRID_0809	SS Rna and CpG DNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	NA	Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Mice (Murine)	NA	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	Q9NR96.fasta	Q9NR96	1032	NA	NA	20739519	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0809	SS Rna and CpG DNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	NA	Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Mice (Murine)	NA	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	Q9NR96.fasta	Q9NR96	1032	NA	NA	20739519	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0820	Type A CpG-ODN Click for more detail	Bacteria	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	The bindinginduces IFN-‚ç∫	Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	NA	plasmacytoid DCs	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	NA	NA	NA	It provides immunity against the bacterial infection	NA	20636030	2010	NA
PRRID_0820	Type A CpG-ODN Click for more detail	Bacteria	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	The bindinginduces IFN-‚ç∫	Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	NA	plasmacytoid DCs	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	NA	NA	NA	It provides immunity against the bacterial infection	NA	20636030	2010	NA
PRRID_0821	Type B CpG-ODN Click for more detail	Bacteria	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	It activates macrophages and B-cells	Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	NA	NA	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	NA	NA	NA	It promotes the enhancement of antibody production	NA	20636030	2010	NA
PRRID_0821	Type B CpG-ODN Click for more detail	Bacteria	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	It activates macrophages and B-cells	Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	NA	NA	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	NA	NA	NA	It promotes the enhancement of antibody production	NA	20636030	2010	NA
PRRID_0822	Type C CpG-ODN Click for more detail	Bacteria	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	It induces IFN-‚ç∫ and activates macrophages and B-cells	Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	NA	NA	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	NA	NA	NA	It promotes the enhancement of antibody production and provides immunity against bacterial infection	NA	20636030	2010	NA
PRRID_0822	Type C CpG-ODN Click for more detail	Bacteria	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	It induces IFN-‚ç∫ and activates macrophages and B-cells	Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	NA	NA	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	NA	NA	NA	It promotes the enhancement of antibody production and provides immunity against bacterial infection	NA	20636030	2010	NA
PRRID_0825	Unmethylated CpG DNA Click for more detail	Bacteria	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	It leads to the maturation, differentiation, and/or proliferation of NK cells, T cells, B cells, monocytes and macrophages and production of pro-inflammatory and Th-1 biased cytokines	Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	B cells and pDC	NA	Q9NR96.fasta	Q9NR96	1032	It has the role in the inflammation.	NA	20713100	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0825	Unmethylated CpG DNA Click for more detail	Bacteria	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	It leads to the maturation, differentiation, and/or proliferation of NK cells, T cells, B cells, monocytes and macrophages and production of pro-inflammatory and Th-1 biased cytokines	Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	B cells and pDC	NA	Q9NR96.fasta	Q9NR96	1032	It has the role in the inflammation.	NA	20713100	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0826	Unmethylated CpG DNA Click for more detail	Bacteria	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	It leads to the activation of the TLR9 and results into the secretion of the cytokines	Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	NA	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	Q9NR96.fasta	Q9NR96	1032	It has the role in the inflammation.	NA	20706677	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0826	Unmethylated CpG DNA Click for more detail	Bacteria	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	It leads to the activation of the TLR9 and results into the secretion of the cytokines	Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	NA	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	Q9NR96.fasta	Q9NR96	1032	It has the role in the inflammation.	NA	20706677	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0827	Unmethylated CpG DNA Click for more detail	Bacteria	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	It's binding does not induces the production of IL6, IL8, MMP3 and MMP4	Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	Fibroblast Like Synoviocytes (FLS)	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	Q9NR96.fasta	Q9NR96	1032	It has a role in the pathogenesis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis and cartilage destruction	ELISA	20571165	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0827	Unmethylated CpG DNA Click for more detail	Bacteria	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	It's binding does not induces the production of IL6, IL8, MMP3 and MMP4	Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	Fibroblast Like Synoviocytes (FLS)	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	Q9NR96.fasta	Q9NR96	1032	It has a role in the pathogenesis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis and cartilage destruction	ELISA	20571165	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0828	Unmethylated CpG DNA Click for more detail	Bacteria	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	The binding leads to the activation of the NF-	chToll-like receptor 21 (TLR21)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Chicken	HD11 macrophage	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	NA	NA	NA	It leads to the inflammatory response from the immune system leads to the clearance of pathogens	Luciferase assay	20498358	2010	NA
PRRID_0828	Unmethylated CpG DNA Click for more detail	Bacteria	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	The binding leads to the activation of the NF-	chToll-like receptor 21 (TLR21)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Chicken	HD11 macrophage	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	NA	NA	NA	It leads to the inflammatory response from the immune system leads to the clearance of pathogens	Luciferase assay	20498358	2010	NA
PRRID_0829	Unmethylated CpG DNA Click for more detail	Bacteria	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	It leads to increased expression of cytokine IL-12 p41	Toll-like receptor 21 (TLR2)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Chicken	Macrophage-like cell line (HD11)	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	NA	NA	NA	This results into the inflammatory response.	NA	20471186	2010	NA
PRRID_0829	Unmethylated CpG DNA Click for more detail	Bacteria	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	It leads to increased expression of cytokine IL-12 p41	Toll-like receptor 21 (TLR2)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Chicken	Macrophage-like cell line (HD11)	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	NA	NA	NA	This results into the inflammatory response.	NA	20471186	2010	NA
PRRID_0831	Viral DNA Click for more detail	herpes simplex virus (virus)	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	NA	Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	NA	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	Q9NR96.fasta	Q9NR96	1032	Induce IFN production	NA	20672047	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0831	Viral DNA Click for more detail	herpes simplex virus (virus)	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	NA	Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	NA	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	Q9NR96.fasta	Q9NR96	1032	Induce IFN production	NA	20672047	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0832	viral envelope proteins Click for more detail	RSV and MMTV (virus)	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	NA	Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Mice (Murine)	dendritic cells and macrophages	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	Q9QUK6.fasta	Q9QUK6	835	NA	NA	20713100	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0832	viral envelope proteins Click for more detail	RSV and MMTV (virus)	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	NA	Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Mice (Murine)	dendritic cells and macrophages	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	Q9QUK6.fasta	Q9QUK6	835	NA	NA	20713100	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0833	Viral RNA Click for more detail	Hepatitis C Virus (virus)	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	The binding induces rapid interferon responses	RIG-1	Rig-like receptor (RLR)	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	20677943	2010	NA
PRRID_0833	Viral RNA Click for more detail	Hepatitis C Virus (virus)	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	The binding induces rapid interferon responses	RIG-1	Rig-like receptor (RLR)	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	20677943	2010	NA
PRRID_0834	Viral RNA Click for more detail	Hepatitis C Virus (virus)	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	The binding induces rapid interferon responses	Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	NA	NA	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	O60603.fasta	O60603	784	NA	NA	20677943	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0834	Viral RNA Click for more detail	Hepatitis C Virus (virus)	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	The binding induces rapid interferon responses	Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	NA	NA	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	O60603.fasta	O60603	784	NA	NA	20677943	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0835	Viral RNA Click for more detail	Influenza A (virus)	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	Upon virus recognition, these domains allow for CARD‚ÄìCARD interaction with the mitochondrial adaptor proteins MAVS, which leads to the secretion of type-I interferons	RIG-1	Rig-like receptor (RLR)	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	IFN triggers the expression of antiviral proteins, promote the destruction of infected cells by natural killer cells, and facilitate the production of neutralizing antibodies and cytotoxic T-cell responses.	NA	20354786	2010	NA
PRRID_0835	Viral RNA Click for more detail	Influenza A (virus)	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	Upon virus recognition, these domains allow for CARD‚ÄìCARD interaction with the mitochondrial adaptor proteins MAVS, which leads to the secretion of type-I interferons	RIG-1	Rig-like receptor (RLR)	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	IFN triggers the expression of antiviral proteins, promote the destruction of infected cells by natural killer cells, and facilitate the production of neutralizing antibodies and cytotoxic T-cell responses.	NA	20354786	2010	NA
PRRID_0865	Œ≤-gal dsRNA Click for more detail	NA	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	Induce type 1 IFN production	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)/Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	PBMCs	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	NA	NA	NA	Immunostimulation	NA	20692289	2010	NA
PRRID_0865	Œ≤-gal dsRNA Click for more detail	NA	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	Induce type 1 IFN production	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)/Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	PBMCs	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	NA	NA	NA	Immunostimulation	NA	20692289	2010	NA
PRRID_0878	dsRNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	triggers immune responses	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	Epithelial cells, dendritic cells, microglia, astrocytes,oligodendrocytes, neurons	NA	O15455.fasta	O15455	904	TLR3 ligands induced the release of both proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8] and type I interferon by nmMSCs compared with other TLR ligands	NA	21982558	2011	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0878	dsRNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	triggers immune responses	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	Epithelial cells, dendritic cells, microglia, astrocytes,oligodendrocytes, neurons	NA	O15455.fasta	O15455	904	TLR3 ligands induced the release of both proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8] and type I interferon by nmMSCs compared with other TLR ligands	NA	21982558	2011	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0879	dsRNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	triggers immune responses	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Mice	NA	intracellular TIR domains	Q99MB1.fasta	Q99MB1	905	TLR3 ligands induced the release of both proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8] and type I interferon by nmMSCs compared with other TLR ligands	NA	21959264	2011	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0879	dsRNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	triggers immune responses	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Mice	NA	intracellular TIR domains	Q99MB1.fasta	Q99MB1	905	TLR3 ligands induced the release of both proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8] and type I interferon by nmMSCs compared with other TLR ligands	NA	21959264	2011	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0880	dsRNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	triggers immune responses	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	TLR3 ligands induced the release of both proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8] and type I interferon by nmMSCs compared with other TLR ligands	NA	21955443	2011	NA
PRRID_0880	dsRNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	triggers immune responses	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	TLR3 ligands induced the release of both proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8] and type I interferon by nmMSCs compared with other TLR ligands	NA	21955443	2011	NA
PRRID_0881	dsRNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	elicit innate immune response	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	TLR3 ligands induced the release of both proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8] and type I interferon by nmMSCs compared with other TLR ligands	NA	21949866	2011	NA
PRRID_0881	dsRNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	elicit innate immune response	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	TLR3 ligands induced the release of both proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8] and type I interferon by nmMSCs compared with other TLR ligands	NA	21949866	2011	NA
PRRID_0915	Imiquimod (R837) Click for more detail	NA	CC(C)CN1C=NC2=C1C3=CC=CC=C3N=C2N	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	Amine analog to guanosine, is an immune response modifier with potent indirect antiviral activity.	Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	important role in the immune response to viral infection	NA	21949866	2011	NA
PRRID_0915	Imiquimod (R837) Click for more detail	NA	CC(C)CN1C=NC2=C1C3=CC=CC=C3N=C2N	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	Amine analog to guanosine, is an immune response modifier with potent indirect antiviral activity.	Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	important role in the immune response to viral infection	NA	21949866	2011	NA
PRRID_0919	dsRNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	triggers immune responses	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	NA	Intracellular TIR domains	O15455.fasta	O15455	904	TLR3 ligands induced the release of both proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8] and type I interferon by nmMSCs compared with other TLR ligands	NA	21959264	2011	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0919	dsRNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	triggers immune responses	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	NA	Intracellular TIR domains	O15455.fasta	O15455	904	TLR3 ligands induced the release of both proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8] and type I interferon by nmMSCs compared with other TLR ligands	NA	21959264	2011	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0920	dsRNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	triggers immune responses	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Drosophila melanogaster	NA	Intracellular TIR domains	NA	NA	NA	TLR3 ligands induced the release of both proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8] and type I interferon by nmMSCs compared with other TLR ligands	NA	21959264	2011	NA
PRRID_0920	dsRNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	triggers immune responses	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Drosophila melanogaster	NA	Intracellular TIR domains	NA	NA	NA	TLR3 ligands induced the release of both proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8] and type I interferon by nmMSCs compared with other TLR ligands	NA	21959264	2011	NA
PRRID_0932	Loxoribine (7-allyl-7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-guanosine) Click for more detail	Guanosine (others)	C=CCN1C2=C(NC(=NC2=O)N)N(C1=O)C3C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	up-regulate B-cells lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and promote the survival of lung cancer cells	Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	B cells, dendritic cells, microglia, astrocytes	NA	Q9NYK1.fasta	Q9NYK1	1049	TLR7-mediated activation of these cells resulted in the induction of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-Œ±, IFN-Œ≤, TNF-Œ±, and IL-13	NA	21982558	2011	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0932	Loxoribine (7-allyl-7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-guanosine) Click for more detail	Guanosine (others)	C=CCN1C2=C(NC(=NC2=O)N)N(C1=O)C3C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	up-regulate B-cells lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and promote the survival of lung cancer cells	Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	B cells, dendritic cells, microglia, astrocytes	NA	Q9NYK1.fasta	Q9NYK1	1049	TLR7-mediated activation of these cells resulted in the induction of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-Œ±, IFN-Œ≤, TNF-Œ±, and IL-13	NA	21982558	2011	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0933	Loxoribine (7-allyl-7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-guanosine) Click for more detail	Guanosine (others)	C=CCN1C2=C(NC(=NC2=O)N)N(C1=O)C3C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	up-regulate B-cells lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and promote the survival of lung cancer cells	Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	TLR7-mediated activation of these cells resulted in the induction of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-Œ±, IFN-Œ≤, TNF-Œ±, and IL-13	NA	21955443	2011	NA
PRRID_0933	Loxoribine (7-allyl-7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-guanosine) Click for more detail	Guanosine (others)	C=CCN1C2=C(NC(=NC2=O)N)N(C1=O)C3C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	up-regulate B-cells lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and promote the survival of lung cancer cells	Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	TLR7-mediated activation of these cells resulted in the induction of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-Œ±, IFN-Œ≤, TNF-Œ±, and IL-13	NA	21955443	2011	NA
PRRID_0934	LyoVec Click for more detail	mimic of viral RNA (virus)	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	elicit innate immune response	RIG-1	Rig-like receptor (RLR)	Human	Eosinophils	NA	O95786.fasta	O95786	925	NA	real-time reverse transcription-PCR, FACS, ELISA	21978001	2011	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0934	LyoVec Click for more detail	mimic of viral RNA (virus)	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	elicit innate immune response	RIG-1	Rig-like receptor (RLR)	Human	Eosinophils	NA	O95786.fasta	O95786	925	NA	real-time reverse transcription-PCR, FACS, ELISA	21978001	2011	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0937	mRNA Click for more detail	Endogenous (others)	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	triggers immune responses	Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	Myeloid cells, microglia, astrocytes, neurons	NA	Q9NYK1.fasta	Q9NYK1	1049	TLR3 ligands induced the release of both proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8] and type I interferon by nmMSCs compared with other TLR ligands	NA	21982558	2011	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0937	mRNA Click for more detail	Endogenous (others)	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	triggers immune responses	Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	Myeloid cells, microglia, astrocytes, neurons	NA	Q9NYK1.fasta	Q9NYK1	1049	TLR3 ligands induced the release of both proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8] and type I interferon by nmMSCs compared with other TLR ligands	NA	21982558	2011	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0950	polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] Click for more detail	NA	C1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	elicit innate immune response	RIG-1	Rig-like receptor (RLR)	Human	Eosinophils	NA	O95786.fasta	O95786	925	mediate the efficient induction of the type I IFN response	real-time reverse transcription-PCR, FACS, ELISA	21978001	2011	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0950	polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] Click for more detail	NA	C1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	elicit innate immune response	RIG-1	Rig-like receptor (RLR)	Human	Eosinophils	NA	O95786.fasta	O95786	925	mediate the efficient induction of the type I IFN response	real-time reverse transcription-PCR, FACS, ELISA	21978001	2011	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0951	polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] Click for more detail	NA	C1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	act as a TLR3 agonist and induces protective responses against rapidly growing tumor cells	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Balb/c mice	Spleen and lung	NA	Q99MB1.fasta	Q99MB1	905	TLR3 ligands induced the release of both proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8] and type I interferon by nmMSCs compared with other TLR ligands	ELISA	21963872	2011	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0951	polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] Click for more detail	NA	C1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	act as a TLR3 agonist and induces protective responses against rapidly growing tumor cells	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Balb/c mice	Spleen and lung	NA	Q99MB1.fasta	Q99MB1	905	TLR3 ligands induced the release of both proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8] and type I interferon by nmMSCs compared with other TLR ligands	ELISA	21963872	2011	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0952	polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] Click for more detail	NA	C1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	elicit innate immune response	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	TLR3 ligands induced the release of both proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8] and type I interferon by nmMSCs compared with other TLR ligands	NA	21955443	2011	NA
PRRID_0952	polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] Click for more detail	NA	C1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	elicit innate immune response	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	TLR3 ligands induced the release of both proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8] and type I interferon by nmMSCs compared with other TLR ligands	NA	21955443	2011	NA
PRRID_0959	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	triggers immune responses	Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	B cells, dendritic cells, microglia, astrocytes	NA	Q9NYK1.fasta	Q9NYK1	1049	important role in the immune response to viral infection	NA	21982558	2011	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0959	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	triggers immune responses	Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	B cells, dendritic cells, microglia, astrocytes	NA	Q9NYK1.fasta	Q9NYK1	1049	important role in the immune response to viral infection	NA	21982558	2011	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0960	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	triggers immune responses	Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	Myeloid cells, microglia, astrocytes, neurons	NA	Q9NR97.fasta	Q9NR97	1041	important role in the immune response to viral infection	NA	21982558	2011	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0960	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	triggers immune responses	Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	Myeloid cells, microglia, astrocytes, neurons	NA	Q9NR97.fasta	Q9NR97	1041	important role in the immune response to viral infection	NA	21982558	2011	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0961	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	triggers immune responses	Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	TLR7-mediated activation of these cells resulted in the induction of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-Œ±, IFN-Œ≤, TNF-Œ±, and IL-13	NA	21955443	2011	NA
PRRID_0961	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	triggers immune responses	Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	TLR7-mediated activation of these cells resulted in the induction of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-Œ±, IFN-Œ≤, TNF-Œ±, and IL-13	NA	21955443	2011	NA
PRRID_0962	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	triggers immune responses	Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	important role in the immune response to viral infection	NA	21955443	2011	NA
PRRID_0962	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	triggers immune responses	Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	important role in the immune response to viral infection	NA	21955443	2011	NA
PRRID_0969	Unmethylated CpG DNA Click for more detail	Bacteria	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	act as immuno stimulants	Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	Epithelial and B cells, dendritic cells, microglia, astrocyte, neuron	NA	Q9NR96.fasta	Q9NR96	1032	induces pro-inflammatory cytokine response	NA	21982558	2011	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0969	Unmethylated CpG DNA Click for more detail	Bacteria	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	act as immuno stimulants	Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	Epithelial and B cells, dendritic cells, microglia, astrocyte, neuron	NA	Q9NR96.fasta	Q9NR96	1032	induces pro-inflammatory cytokine response	NA	21982558	2011	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0970	Unmethylated CpG DNA Click for more detail	Bacteria	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	act as immuno stimulants	Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	TLR9 plays a crucial role in breaking tolerance and developing autoimmunity	NA	21955443	2011	NA
PRRID_0970	Unmethylated CpG DNA Click for more detail	Bacteria	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	act as immuno stimulants	Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	TLR9 plays a crucial role in breaking tolerance and developing autoimmunity	NA	21955443	2011	NA
PRRID_1000	IMO-2125 Click for more detail	Idera Pharmaceuticals (others)	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	Immunostimulant	Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	NA	NA	Q9NR96.fasta	Q9NR96	1032	Recognition of extracellular PAMPs Activation leads to pro-inflammatory cytokines and type I IFNs production Set the pace for an adaptive immune response via T and B cells.	NA	23017246	2012	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_1000	IMO-2125 Click for more detail	Idera Pharmaceuticals (others)	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	Immunostimulant	Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	NA	NA	Q9NR96.fasta	Q9NR96	1032	Recognition of extracellular PAMPs Activation leads to pro-inflammatory cytokines and type I IFNs production Set the pace for an adaptive immune response via T and B cells.	NA	23017246	2012	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_1014	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	NA	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	Immunostimulant	Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	Endosome	NA	Q9NYK1.fasta	Q9NYK1	1049	IRF7, NF-kB	NA	22999945	2012	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_1014	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	NA	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	Immunostimulant	Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	Endosome	NA	Q9NYK1.fasta	Q9NYK1	1049	IRF7, NF-kB	NA	22999945	2012	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_1015	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	NA	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	Immunostimulant	Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	Endosome	NA	Q9NR97.fasta	Q9NR97	1041	IRF7, NF-kB	NA	22999945	2012	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_1015	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	NA	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	Immunostimulant	Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	Endosome	NA	Q9NR97.fasta	Q9NR97	1041	IRF7, NF-kB	NA	22999945	2012	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_1025	Bacterial RNA Click for more detail	Bacteria	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	elicit innate immune response	Toll-like receptor 13 (TLR13)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Mice	NA	NA	Q6R5N8.fasta	Q6R5N8	991	NA	NA	23985302	2013	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_1025	Bacterial RNA Click for more detail	Bacteria	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	elicit innate immune response	Toll-like receptor 13 (TLR13)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Mice	NA	NA	Q6R5N8.fasta	Q6R5N8	991	NA	NA	23985302	2013	Pubchem Assay

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